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Lapinkylä

Women’s work

1674

The book says the women made and mended the clothes, shoes, boots, and gloves, and the harness that joins the reindeer to the sledge. Thread was made of reindeer sinew: cleaned, dried, and softened with fish fat. A sinew was about three ells long. They spun wool for swaddling clothes, and knitted caps of hare’s fur, and gloves, with four needles. The fourth trade was covering thread with tin. The tin was drawn into wire through holes in horn, with the teeth. The book does not believe that gold and silver were woven into the cloth: the metal was bought from merchants and sewn on as tin thread. Under it they put blue, green, or red woollen cloth, not the fur itself. (Schefferus 1674)

1674. A woman drawing tin wire, and pouches the book shows sewn with it.
1674. A woman drawing tin wire, and pouches the book shows sewn with it.Drawing: Johannes Schefferus. Licence: Public domain. The image is unchanged.

Both

The book says travel, milking, and fishing belonged to both. The man set out first with his load, and his wife next with hers. In winter both sat in a pulk, in summer both walked. The women milked the reindeer and, when the men were away, fished for weeks, gutted the fish, and dried it. They fished with nets, with a drag net between two boats, with a spear of several teeth, and in winter with nets under the ice. At night they burned wood at the prow so the fish came to the light. The hooks were juniper, not iron. The pulk is on the work page. (Schefferus 1674)